Uganda

Margaret Sekaggya’s legacy as a champion of human rights in Uganda is deeply intertwined with the country’s journey toward justice and equality for all. In 2005, she was the Chief Guest at DefendDefenders’ inaugural conference, attending in her capacity as Chairperson of the Uganda Human Rights Commission. Over the past two decades, she has closely collaborated with DefendDefenders, offering guidance to human rights defenders (HRDs) and helping them navigate the use of the international mechanisms in their advocacy. Her unwavering dedication has earned her the title of “Mother of Human Rights” in Uganda, a recognition she humbly embraces.
Born into a family of ten, Margaret was raised in a home where boys and girls shared the same responsibilities, despite societal norms that often-limited girls’ roles.
In the early 1960s, she joined Old Kampala for secondary school, shortly after it had become a mixed-gender and multiracial institution. While students adapted, some teachers resisted the change, including one Indian teacher who regularly barred African students from entering class if they were late while allowing others in.
Margaret decided to challenge this unfair treatment by arriving late one day. As expected, the teacher denied her entry, but she walked in and took her seat anyway. Upset, the teacher took her to the headmaster, Mr. R.P. Jones, who was known for his fairness. After hearing both sides, he ruled in Margaret’s favour, allowing her to return to class. She recalls returning triumphantly, a small but significant victory against discrimination.
“The teacher never did it again to anyone. That was the moment I realised that sometimes you have to stand up against injustice and discrimination, and it pays off. Eventually, you get fair treatment.”
Later, for her university education, she chose to pursue law at Makerere University. In her class of 30 students, only five were women, while the rest were men. The gender imbalance was not just numerical—it was also reflected in attitudes. One male student frequently taunted and demeaned Margaret and the other four women. Refusing to tolerate such behaviour, she decided to stand her ground.

Born and raised in the Mathare slum, Rachael faced numerous challenges growing up, particularly as a young girl navigating a patriarchal society that often overlooked her rights and well-being. These early experiences of violence and discrimination, including sexual and emotional abuse, shaped her activism and her determination to fight for justice.
“Growing up as a girl, having access to basic needs was a challenge. At one point, I was engaged in a relationship with someone older than me, who took advantage of me in multiple ways. This had a profound effect on my childhood and development. It led me to embrace feminism and activism because I realized that this wasn’t just a personal issue, but a systemic one affecting many girls around me. No one was giving us a platform to speak out or condemning what was happening.” – Rachael Mwikali